Home/Mathematics/Benchmarks of 25, 50, and 100/Lesson plan
Public · Sign in
MT
← Back to topic
LESSON PLAN

Benchmarks of 25, 50, and 100

A
Apothem Team
Grade 2 · Number
LESSON AT A GLANCE
Warm-up
5 min
Explore
15 min
Consolidate
10 min
Practice
12 min
Exit ticket
3 min

Warm-up

Estimation jar: show a jar with approximately 50 objects. Is this more or less than 25? More or less than 100? About how many? Give students 10 seconds to estimate, then count by making groups of 10. Was your estimate close? What benchmark did you use?

Explore

Benchmark placement: each pair receives 6 number cards (e.g., 17, 34, 51, 68, 82, 95). They place each on a large number line marked with 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and explain the placement. How do you know 68 is between 50 and 75? It is bigger than 50 but less than 75.

Consolidate

Practice

Students estimate 5 quantities using benchmark jars and record which benchmark they used. Place 10 numbers on the benchmark number line. Exit ticket: is 67 closer to 50 or 75? How do you know?

Exit ticket

Students estimate 5 quantities using benchmark jars and record which benchmark they used. Place 10 numbers on the benchmark number line. Exit ticket: is 67 closer to 50 or 75? How do you know?

TIP  Praise benchmark-based reasoning out loud even when the estimate is imprecise: You said about 50 because you thought it was roughly half of 100. That is exactly how good estimators think.
WORKED EXAMPLES
Which benchmark is 38 closest to: 25, 50, or 75?

Distance from 25: 38 - 25 = 13. Distance from 50: 50 - 38 = 12. Distance from 75: 75 - 38 = 37. Closest to 50, by a margin of just 1. Students who compute these distances are applying subtraction to comparison: a powerful double use of computation.

I have 83 invitations to write. Will I be finished in about an hour if I can write 25 per 15 minutes?

25 x 4 = 100 invitations per hour. 83 is less than 100, so yes, about one hour. Using the benchmark of 100 (4 groups of 25) makes this estimation immediate.

MATERIALS
Hundred charts
Number lines 0-100 with 25, 50, 75, 100 marked
Estimation jars (with 25, 50, or 100 objects)
Linking cubes in sets of 25
Benchmark reference cards
WATCH FOR
!Students may think 50 is halfway between 0 and 100 but not be able to apply this to nearby numbers. Explicitly ask: is 47 above or below the halfway point? By how much?
!Students may round to the nearest 10 rather than the nearest 25. Benchmark 25 requires a different mental distance calculation than benchmark 10.