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LESSON PLAN

Increasing and Decreasing Patterns with Tables and Charts

A
Apothem Team
Grade 4 · Algebra & Patterning
LESSON AT A GLANCE
Warm-up
5 min
Explore
15 min
Consolidate
10 min
Practice
12 min
Exit ticket
3 min

Warm-up

Fish stock data: a lake had 8,400 fish. Each year, 1,200 are removed. Show the table: year 0=8400, year 1=7200, year 2=6000... What is the rule? (Subtract 1,200.) In what year will there be no fish? (Year 7: 8400 - 7x1200 = 8400 - 8400 = 0.)

Explore

Pattern investigation: each group receives a real-world data scenario (fish stocks, tree growth, population change). They build a table of values, identify the rule, extend the table 3 more terms, and answer the question: when does the value first exceed/fall below a given target?

Consolidate

Practice

Students build tables for 3 real-world scenarios, identify rules, predict terms 10 and 20, and write one sentence about what the prediction means in context. Exit ticket: what is the 15th term in a pattern starting at 3, adding 7 each step?

Exit ticket

Students build tables for 3 real-world scenarios, identify rules, predict terms 10 and 20, and write one sentence about what the prediction means in context. Exit ticket: what is the 15th term in a pattern starting at 3, adding 7 each step?

TIP  Always ask: what real-world question does this pattern help us answer? Pattern rules without context are exercises. Pattern rules with context are mathematical models.
WORKED EXAMPLES
A pattern starts at 250 and decreases by 25 each step. What is the 8th term?

250 - 7x25 = 250 - 175 = 75. Check: 250, 225, 200, 175, 150, 125, 100, 75. Yes, the 8th term is 75.

From a table: position 1=5, 2=10, 3=15, 4=20. What is the rule and the 12th term?

Rule: multiply position by 5 (or add 5 each step). 12th term: 5x12 = 60. This is the 5-times table.

MATERIALS
Table of values recording sheets
Graph paper for plotting patterns
Real-world data cards (fish stocks, life expectancy)
Hundred chart for visual patterns
WATCH FOR
!Students may identify the rule but apply it incorrectly when jumping to a distant term. They add the rule (term-1) times, not n times. Careful table work corrects this.
!Students may confuse the pattern rule with the starting value. The rule is the change; the starting value is term 1.