LESSON PLAN

Multiplication and Division Facts to 100

Apothem Team

Grade 5 · Computational Fluency

LESSON AT A GLANCE

Warm-up

5 min

Explore

15 min

Consolidate

10 min

Practice

12 min

Exit ticket

3 min

Warm-up

Annex-zeros chain: 7x4=28. So 7x40=? (280.) 7x400=? (2,800.) 70x40=? (2,800.) 70x400=? (28,000.) Patterns: the product core (28) stays the same; zeros are added from both factors. This is mental multiplication of multi-digit numbers using a single-digit fact.

Explore

Strategy showcase: each student receives 3 hard facts (from the 6s, 7s, 8s, 9s). They must solve each using TWO different strategies and present both to a partner. The presentation deepens understanding and builds a community strategy bank.

Consolidate

Practice

Students play a multiplication fact game for 10 minutes, then complete 12 annex-zeros exercises (e.g., given 7x8=56, find 7x800, 70x80, 700x8). Exit ticket: use any strategy to find 8x7, and then 8x70.

Exit ticket

TIP A student who knows 7x8=56 but cannot apply it to find 7x80 does not yet have full fact fluency. Regularly practise extending facts using the annex-zeros strategy.

WORKED EXAMPLES

Use the near-square strategy for 9x7.

9x9=81. 9x7 = 9x9 - 9x2 = 81 - 18 = 63. Or more directly: 10x7=70, subtract 7=63. Both approaches use known facts.

If 8x9=72, find 8x90, 80x9, and 80x90 without recalculating.

8x90=720 (annex one zero). 80x9=720 (annex one zero). 80x90=7,200 (annex two zeros: one from each factor).

MATERIALS

•Multiplication fact game cards

•Dice and game boards

•Arrays on grid paper

•Annex-zeros practice strips

WATCH FOR

!Students may annex incorrectly: 8x90 becomes 72 (no zeros) or 7,200 (two zeros). 8x9=72; 8x90: one zero from the 90, giving 720.

!Students who have a strong strategy for every fact but never reach automatic recall will be slow at multi-digit computation. Daily game-based practice for 5 minutes accelerates automaticity.